Preface
About the Editors and Contributors
SECTION I FRAMEWORK OF CLINICAL MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELING
Kerrie K. Fuenfhausen, Scott Young, Craig Cashwell, and Muthoni Musangali
1 History and Evolution of Clinical Mental Health Counseling
Foundational Principles of Counseling
Wellness Model of Mental Health
Developmental Perspective
Prevention and Early Intervention
History of CMH Counseling
Professional Practice in CMH Counseling
Roles and Functions of CMH Counselors
Jamie Crockett
2 Legal and Ethical Issues 31
What Is Professional Conduct?
Consult, Consult, Consult!
Professional Standards for Ethical Practice
Legal and Ethical Challenges
Multicultural and Social Justice Considerations
Select Resources for Ethical and Legal CMH Counseling Practice
Catherine Y. Chang, Simone Lambert, and Emily Goodman-Scott
3 Advocacy and Social Justice
Understanding Advocacy and Social Justice
Multicultural Competence and Culturally Responsive CMH Counseling
Social Injustice and Mental Health
Advocacy and Social Justice Counseling
Global Perspectives on Counseling
Amy Banner
4 Continuum of Care
Continuum of Care: One Size Does Not Fit All
Modalities of the CMH Counseling Continuum of Care
Couple and Family Counseling
History of the CMH Counseling Continuum of Care
Ethical and Developmental Aspects of the CMH Counseling Continuum of Care
Services, Settings, and Roles Across the CMH Counseling Continuum of Care
Prevention and Education Services
Partial Hospitalization Programs (PHPs) and Intensive Outpatient (IOP) Services
Crisis and Emergency Services
Professional Issues Affecting the CMH Counseling Continuum of Care
SECTION II PROCESSES AND PROCEDURES OF CLINICAL MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELING
Casey Barrio-Minton
5 Assessing Client Concerns
Purposes and Methods of Assessment
Clinical, Intake, and Diagnostic Interviewing
Initial or Intake Interview
Unstandardized Questionnaires and Checklists
Mental Status Examinations
Using Standardized Tests and Inventories to Inform Counseling
Broad-Symptom Inventories
Specific-Symptom Inventories
Structured Personality Inventories
Screening for High-Risk Situations
General Medical Conditions
Intimate Partner Violence and Abuse
Cultural Bias in Assessment
Using Assessment to Inform Counseling
Appendix: Current Concerns Questionnaire and Checklist (Adult)
Gary Gintner
6 Diagnosis
Psychopathology and Etiology
Mental Health and Mental Illness
Dimensions of Psychopathology
Etiological Factors and the Biopsychosocial Model
Diagnostic Issues With the DSM
Diagnostic Process: Four Guiding Principles
Principle 1: Check the Adequacy of Your Information
Principle 2: Use Diagnostic Hierarchies for Differential Diagnosis
Principle 3: Resolve Diagnostic Uncertainty by Examining the Usual Suspects
Principle 4: Your Diagnosis Is a Hypothesis That May Need Correcting
Daniel M. Paredes and Maria A. Brunelli Paredes
7 Treatment Planning
Determining Client Needs and Appropriate Services
From Conceptualization to Treatment Planning
Counselor Theoretical Framework
Expectations of the Counselor’s Work Setting
Developing and Implementing Treatment Plans
Case of Joseph and Sophia
Additional Treatment Plan Components
Referral, Keeping a Resource List, and Application
Termination Versus Maintenance
Treatment Planning and Special Populations
Treatment Planning With Children and Adolescents
Treatment Planning With Mandated Clients
Todd Lewis and John Culbreth
8 Psychiatry and Psychopharmacology
Brain Physiology, Neurotransmitters, and Medication: A Basic Overview
Why Use Medication in the Treatment of Mental Disorders?
Controversy in Using Medication in the Treatment of Mental Disorders
The Mental Health Counselor’s Dilemma
Classes of Psychotropic Medications, Their Effects, and Side Effects
Antidepressant Medications
Antipsychotic Medications
Working Effectively With Psychiatrists
Making Medication Referrals
Assessing and Managing Side Effects
Working Effectively With Clients and Medication
Talking to Clients About Medication
Legal and Ethical Issues With Psychopharmacology
Laura Welfare, Paige Greason, and Keith Mobley
9 Managed Care, Billing, and Documentation
Managed Care Laws and Legislation
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act
Managed Care: Becoming an Approved Provider
Insurance: Private and Public Payers
Government-Sponsored Insurance
Administrative and Clinical Documentation Practices
Clinical Documentation Practices
Screening and Outcome Measures
Case Study 1: Navigating Insurance Coverage
Case Study 2: Writing Eff ective Case Notes
Appendix: Personal History and Intake Form
Amber L. Pope and Allison Marsh Pow
10 Crisis Management and Disaster Relief
Differentiating Crisis Management and Disaster Relief
Range of Individual Crises
Principles of Crisis Management
Crisis Management Planning
Emergency and Disaster Relief
Impact of Crises and Disasters
Factors Influencing Mental Health After an Emergency or Disaster
Emergency and Disaster Response
Intermediate and Long-Term Interventions
Disaster Mental Health Training
Impact of Crisis Counseling and Disaster Relief Work on CMH Counselors
Case Study 1: Crisis Management
Case Study 2: Disaster Mental Health
SECTION III MAXIMIZING YOUR EFFECTIVENESS AS A CLINICAL MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELOR
DiAnne Borders
11 The Importance of Clinical Supervision to Effective Practice
Models of Clinical Supervision
Maximizing Your Supervision Experience
Practice Self-Assessment and Create Learning Goals
Consider Power and Authority; Evaluation and Feedback
Practice Peer Feedback in Triadic and Group Supervision
Bring Difficult Topics to Supervision
Gerard Lawson and Jennifer M. Cook
12 Wellness, Self-Care, and Burnout Prevention
CMH Counseling Risks and Challenges
Symptoms and Signs of Vicarious Trauma
Addressing Vicarious Trauma
Compassion Fatigue Described
Contributing Factors to Compassion Fatigue
Identifying Compassion Fatigue
Career-Sustaining Behaviors
Kelly L. Wester and Tamarine Foreman
13 Using Research to Improve Clinical Practice
Research Defined and Described
Scientist-Practitioner Model
Step 1: Assess the Client
Step 2: Create a Well-Formulated Question
Step 3: Conduct a Search for Evidence
Step 4: Select and Access Articles to Read
Step 5: Evaluate and Appraise the Quality of Research
Step 6: Synthesize Information
Step 7: Clinical Application
SECTION IV CURRENT AND FUTURE TRENDS IN CLINICAL MENTAL HEALTH PRACTICE
Jane E. Myers and Laura Jones
14 The Applications of Neuroscience to Clinical Mental Health Counseling
Neuroscience in Counseling
Neuroscience and the Therapeutic Relationship
Therapeutic Process and Neuroplasticity
Neurofeedback: One Application of Neuroscience in Practice
What Is Neurofeedback and How Does It Work?
Amanda L. Giordano, Philip B. Clarke, Cheryl L. Fulton, and Tammy H. Cashwell
15 Emerging Approaches to Clinical Mental Health Counseling
Motivational Interviewing
Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy
Stage 1: Deescalation of Negative Cycles of Interaction
Stage 2: Changing Interactional Positions
Stage 3: Consolidation and Integration
Dialectical Behavior Therapy
Interpersonal Psychotherapy
Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT)
The Basics of Mindfulness
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
Spirituality in Counseling
The Basics of Spirituality in Counseling
Support for Spirituality in Counseling
Spirituality in Counseling in Practice
Index